Green shrimp pond main cultivation technique
2018-06-08 18:02:41
Green shrimp, also known as river shrimp, scientific name of Japan's Macrobrachium, its delicious meat, rich nutrition, is well-known popular luxury products. The pond owners raise green prawns, earning 2000 to 3,000 yuan per 667 m2, which is a good way for the majority of fish farmers to become rich.
1 Conditions for raising shrimp ponds The shrimp pond area is generally 500 to 3000 m2. For convenience of management, the rectangle is preferred and the depth of pool is 1.5 to 2.0 meters. Green prawns are bottom-level animals and have high oxygen consumption, and the underlying water body is easy. Hypoxia, the pool water is too deep for the shrimp, so the water depth is generally about 1.0 meters, requires ample water, irrigation and drainage convenience, fresh water, dissolved oxygen. If conditions allow, each pool can be equipped with a 3-kilowatt aerator.
2 Preparation before use
2.1 Clear pond In order to improve the survival rate of shrimp seedlings, the shrimp ponds should be cleaned in 10 to 15 days before use. Clear lime can be used in the clear ponds. The dosage is about 200 g/m2, and the hydration is opened to make a lime slurry. , hot and evenly spilled in the whole pool.
2.2 One week after the Feitang and Water Injection Clearance ponds, 1 kg of fermented and decomposed chicken manure was used per square meter to breed plankton with fertilizer and water to provide natural food for shrimps. Add 100 centimeters of fresh water on the second day after fertilization. Note that use a 40-mesh gauze filter to prevent entry of predator organisms.
2.3 Set up aquatic plants suitable for planting aquatic plants in the pond before planting. Aquatic plants can provide shaded habitats for green shrimp as well as plant foods. Planted aquatic plants are generally suitable for floating surface plants such as Alternanthera philoxeroides (water peanut, Dongyangcao), water spinach, and water lettuce. The arrangement of the floating surface plants can be planted parallel to the pond or distributed in strips for easy operation and management.
3 Restocking of shrimps In terms of pond culture of freshwater shrimp, the earliest days should be as early as possible. In the Shandong area, the seedlings usually start from June to July, and the stocking density is 260,000 to 80,000 per 667 meters. The condition of ponds can be considered as well as the level of breeding techniques can be slightly increased or decreased. Shrimp seedlings are about 1 cm in size and are generally transported by oxygen in plastic bags. After the shrimps are shipped, the plastic bags can be put together in the pond for easing. About 10 minutes later, after the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the bags is uniform, the bags can be opened and the seedlings can be opened. After half a month of releasing seedlings, it is possible to put 80 white fishes and 20 summer fishes per 667 m2 to regulate water quality.
4 Feeding management
4.1 Feeding management pond culture In addition to regular fertilization, artificial shrimp should be fed on time. A variety of commercial feeds currently used in freshwater aquaculture production can be used to raise green shrimp. Green shrimp prefer to eat animal foods, such as snail meat, silkworm cocoon powder, fish meal, etc.: In a variety of plant foods, compared to eat rice bran, bran, bean cake, lees, but do not like rapeseed cake. According to the ratio of 40% animal food and 60% vegetable food, several kinds of feeds are mixed and ground into a bowl shape, and a binder is added to feed the pellets with better stability in the water, thus improving the utilization of the feed. To reduce water pollution. The second day after the shrimp hatched, it was possible to start feeding. In the first 10 to 15 days of the previous period, barley flour, bean curd residue, bean cake flour and other plant foods and fish meal, silkworm meal, pig blood and other animal food and mix well, then splash around the pool, feeding every 667 meters 2 About kilograms. When the shrimp grows to 2 cm, it can be fed directly with artificial diet pellets. The amount of shrimp fed can be within 2 to 3 hours. At the same time according to the weather, water quality, bait quality, water temperature, shrimp growth in time to adjust. In general, the shrimp feeding amount is about 10% of the shrimp weight, and the adult shrimp is 5% to 8% of the shrimp weight. In the later period of cultivation, fresh feeds such as snails, river clams and miscellaneous fish can be used, and they are fed once or twice a day, and fed once a day at 8 to 9 am. The amount of feed is 1/3 of the daily feed amount; Feeding once at 18:00, the amount of bait is 2/3 of the daily feeding amount; during the growing season, it is added 1 time after 10pm.
4.2 Water Quality Management The water quality of shrimp ponds during shrimp farming should be “fat, live, tender, and coolâ€. Every 5 to 7 days, regular new water should be added, adding about 15 to 20 centimeters each time, and properly draining old water. Adjust the water quality so that the pH is maintained between 7 and 8. If the water is acidic, lime water may be splashed once every 10 days or a half months. The dosage is 25-10 kg per 667 meters. Pay attention to the environmental sanitation of the ponds and clean up the weeds in the pool in a timely manner. The area of ​​planted aquatic plants should account for about 1/3 of the area of ​​the pool water, and more than a part of it should be cut off in time.
4.3 Day-to-day management Every morning and evening, each patrol pond is observed. Observe shrimp eating, clam shell, growth, activity and dead shrimp. Check the pond's inlet and outlet, water level and whether there is water leakage. Measure the water temperature regularly and remove. Floating grass, debris, etc., and do a good tour pond records. From mid-August to the end of September, the shrimp population is relatively large, eating and growing are more vigorous, and it is also the season when the shrimp is most vulnerable to oxygen-depleted floating heads. It is necessary to increase the number of patrol ponds in the evening and regularly start the aerator or pump to prevent the water from escaping. Shrimp floating head.
5 Fishing on the market should be based on water temperature, shrimp growth and market conditions. In general, shrimps gradually stop eating and growing from late October to early November. Shrimp can be regularly caught using the shrimp dip net under the water plants to capture, capture large and small, a balanced listing, generally from the middle of the shrimp pool to 70% to 90%. Before and after the Spring Festival, depending on the situation of shrimp in the pool, it is decided whether to start catching in the dry pool: if the pool is not available, part of the shrimp left in the pool can continue to be kept until the following May; if the pool is dry, cages should be prepared in advance. The shrimp caught in the dry pool shall be inflated in time, and the shrimp of the listed size shall not be filtered out in a small cage, and the pool shall be changed or the culture shall be continued in the original pool. Generally caught shrimp 60 ~ 70 kg / 667 m ↑ 2, leaving shrimp 10 ~ 20 kg / 667 m ↑ 2.
6 In the spring, adult shrimps are bred before and after Spring Festival to keep shrimps. In early March, when the water temperature is above 10°C, the shrimps begin to ingest food. As the water temperature rises, the amount of feeding should be gradually increased. From April to May, shrimps grow faster and most of them spawn. At this time, according to the actual situation, the use of cages in batches arrested or disposable dry pool catch, shrimp production up to 30-40 kg / 667 m ↑2. This season's shrimp fishing must be completed by the end of May and early June so that there will be plenty of time to prepare for the next season.
1 Conditions for raising shrimp ponds The shrimp pond area is generally 500 to 3000 m2. For convenience of management, the rectangle is preferred and the depth of pool is 1.5 to 2.0 meters. Green prawns are bottom-level animals and have high oxygen consumption, and the underlying water body is easy. Hypoxia, the pool water is too deep for the shrimp, so the water depth is generally about 1.0 meters, requires ample water, irrigation and drainage convenience, fresh water, dissolved oxygen. If conditions allow, each pool can be equipped with a 3-kilowatt aerator.
2 Preparation before use
2.1 Clear pond In order to improve the survival rate of shrimp seedlings, the shrimp ponds should be cleaned in 10 to 15 days before use. Clear lime can be used in the clear ponds. The dosage is about 200 g/m2, and the hydration is opened to make a lime slurry. , hot and evenly spilled in the whole pool.
2.2 One week after the Feitang and Water Injection Clearance ponds, 1 kg of fermented and decomposed chicken manure was used per square meter to breed plankton with fertilizer and water to provide natural food for shrimps. Add 100 centimeters of fresh water on the second day after fertilization. Note that use a 40-mesh gauze filter to prevent entry of predator organisms.
2.3 Set up aquatic plants suitable for planting aquatic plants in the pond before planting. Aquatic plants can provide shaded habitats for green shrimp as well as plant foods. Planted aquatic plants are generally suitable for floating surface plants such as Alternanthera philoxeroides (water peanut, Dongyangcao), water spinach, and water lettuce. The arrangement of the floating surface plants can be planted parallel to the pond or distributed in strips for easy operation and management.
3 Restocking of shrimps In terms of pond culture of freshwater shrimp, the earliest days should be as early as possible. In the Shandong area, the seedlings usually start from June to July, and the stocking density is 260,000 to 80,000 per 667 meters. The condition of ponds can be considered as well as the level of breeding techniques can be slightly increased or decreased. Shrimp seedlings are about 1 cm in size and are generally transported by oxygen in plastic bags. After the shrimps are shipped, the plastic bags can be put together in the pond for easing. About 10 minutes later, after the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the bags is uniform, the bags can be opened and the seedlings can be opened. After half a month of releasing seedlings, it is possible to put 80 white fishes and 20 summer fishes per 667 m2 to regulate water quality.
4 Feeding management
4.1 Feeding management pond culture In addition to regular fertilization, artificial shrimp should be fed on time. A variety of commercial feeds currently used in freshwater aquaculture production can be used to raise green shrimp. Green shrimp prefer to eat animal foods, such as snail meat, silkworm cocoon powder, fish meal, etc.: In a variety of plant foods, compared to eat rice bran, bran, bean cake, lees, but do not like rapeseed cake. According to the ratio of 40% animal food and 60% vegetable food, several kinds of feeds are mixed and ground into a bowl shape, and a binder is added to feed the pellets with better stability in the water, thus improving the utilization of the feed. To reduce water pollution. The second day after the shrimp hatched, it was possible to start feeding. In the first 10 to 15 days of the previous period, barley flour, bean curd residue, bean cake flour and other plant foods and fish meal, silkworm meal, pig blood and other animal food and mix well, then splash around the pool, feeding every 667 meters 2 About kilograms. When the shrimp grows to 2 cm, it can be fed directly with artificial diet pellets. The amount of shrimp fed can be within 2 to 3 hours. At the same time according to the weather, water quality, bait quality, water temperature, shrimp growth in time to adjust. In general, the shrimp feeding amount is about 10% of the shrimp weight, and the adult shrimp is 5% to 8% of the shrimp weight. In the later period of cultivation, fresh feeds such as snails, river clams and miscellaneous fish can be used, and they are fed once or twice a day, and fed once a day at 8 to 9 am. The amount of feed is 1/3 of the daily feed amount; Feeding once at 18:00, the amount of bait is 2/3 of the daily feeding amount; during the growing season, it is added 1 time after 10pm.
4.2 Water Quality Management The water quality of shrimp ponds during shrimp farming should be “fat, live, tender, and coolâ€. Every 5 to 7 days, regular new water should be added, adding about 15 to 20 centimeters each time, and properly draining old water. Adjust the water quality so that the pH is maintained between 7 and 8. If the water is acidic, lime water may be splashed once every 10 days or a half months. The dosage is 25-10 kg per 667 meters. Pay attention to the environmental sanitation of the ponds and clean up the weeds in the pool in a timely manner. The area of ​​planted aquatic plants should account for about 1/3 of the area of ​​the pool water, and more than a part of it should be cut off in time.
4.3 Day-to-day management Every morning and evening, each patrol pond is observed. Observe shrimp eating, clam shell, growth, activity and dead shrimp. Check the pond's inlet and outlet, water level and whether there is water leakage. Measure the water temperature regularly and remove. Floating grass, debris, etc., and do a good tour pond records. From mid-August to the end of September, the shrimp population is relatively large, eating and growing are more vigorous, and it is also the season when the shrimp is most vulnerable to oxygen-depleted floating heads. It is necessary to increase the number of patrol ponds in the evening and regularly start the aerator or pump to prevent the water from escaping. Shrimp floating head.
5 Fishing on the market should be based on water temperature, shrimp growth and market conditions. In general, shrimps gradually stop eating and growing from late October to early November. Shrimp can be regularly caught using the shrimp dip net under the water plants to capture, capture large and small, a balanced listing, generally from the middle of the shrimp pool to 70% to 90%. Before and after the Spring Festival, depending on the situation of shrimp in the pool, it is decided whether to start catching in the dry pool: if the pool is not available, part of the shrimp left in the pool can continue to be kept until the following May; if the pool is dry, cages should be prepared in advance. The shrimp caught in the dry pool shall be inflated in time, and the shrimp of the listed size shall not be filtered out in a small cage, and the pool shall be changed or the culture shall be continued in the original pool. Generally caught shrimp 60 ~ 70 kg / 667 m ↑ 2, leaving shrimp 10 ~ 20 kg / 667 m ↑ 2.
6 In the spring, adult shrimps are bred before and after Spring Festival to keep shrimps. In early March, when the water temperature is above 10°C, the shrimps begin to ingest food. As the water temperature rises, the amount of feeding should be gradually increased. From April to May, shrimps grow faster and most of them spawn. At this time, according to the actual situation, the use of cages in batches arrested or disposable dry pool catch, shrimp production up to 30-40 kg / 667 m ↑2. This season's shrimp fishing must be completed by the end of May and early June so that there will be plenty of time to prepare for the next season.