In hot and dry weather, citrus often suffers from "sunburn", "splitting fruit" and "fruit drop". If it does not carry out prevention and control, it will reduce production by 20% to 50%, and the fruit quality will decline, which will seriously affect economic efficiency. First, prevent sunburn This disease generally began to appear at the end of July, from August to September Shengfa. The victim’s department was initially gray-blue and later turned yellow-brown. The skin was rough and thick, and cracks often occurred and the fruit was deformed. This disease mostly occurred in fruits with a long sunshine duration. Wenzhou Miju suffered the most severe damage, followed by Lugan and Banana, and sweet orange and grapefruit suffered the lightest. There are three main prevention and control measures: First, do not use lime sulfur as much as possible during high temperature and drought. If necessary, the concentration should not exceed 0.2 degrees, and prevent the liquid from condensing on the fruit. The second is the regular irrigation of orange juice in high temperature and dry season to increase the humidity in the garden and reduce the temperature so that the fruit can grow normally. The third is to lighten the fruits of sunburn, shading, bagging and other treatments to restore its original appearance. Second, anti-crack fruit cracking occurred in the drought from August to October, due to the skin shrinkage caused by drought, after rain or irrigation, pulp a lot of water absorption, so that the meat and skin growth is not synchronized, peel rupture. This disease occurred in sunny slopes, barren lands, and gardens with poor water retention. The Wenzhou tangerine occurred more than other varieties. It can be sprayed on the fruit surface in the evening with 0.3% urea solution or 30 ppm gibberellin solution during drought. This stimulates the growth of the peel, keeping the speed of the peel consistent with the growth of the pulp, thus preventing cracking. Usually sprayed once a week, even spray 3 to 4 times, spray before the rain or irrigation before you can. 3. The prevention of fruit drop and fruit drop is caused by high temperature and drought resulting in a large number of water loss, shrinkage, curling, and even defoliation of the leaves of the citrus. The photosynthetic efficiency is reduced, and the fruit cannot obtain the required nutrition. The main control measures are as follows: First, the tree plate cover. Covering the rhizosphere of orange trees with straw, green manure and weeds, with a thickness of 10 to 20 cm, can reduce ground water evaporation and reduce surface temperature. The second is regular irrigation. When continuous high-temperature weather occurs, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, and hole irrigation must be used to improve the microclimate. The third is sprayed steam. Each kilogram of inhibitor water 50 to 75 kg, sprayed to the crown, the outer surface of the leaves form a layer of polymer film, thereby weakening the transpiration. The fourth is timely summer cut. Eliminate excessive shoots on the outside of the canopy to reduce water transpiration and nutrient waste, thus suppressing fruit drop. The fifth is strong fruit fertilizer. The use of composted manure or quick-acting fertilizers can be applied to the diluted fertilizers in divided doses. It is also possible to spray 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.3% of urea fertilizer on the foliage.
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