The biological characteristics and breeding techniques
2018-06-14 19:00:38
Huang Yuan Box Turtle, also known as Huang Yuan closed shell package, gold head turtle, splint turtle, humpback turtle, etc., mainly distributed in Anhui, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Taiwan, Fujian and other places. Huang Yuan box turtle is a good breed of turtles and it is an advanced nourishing product. Its medicinal value is high and it also has great ornamental value.
First, biological characteristics
1. Morphological characteristics The yellow edge box turtle has a smooth head and no scales. The front end of the kiss is flat and the upper jaw is obviously hooked. The tympanic membrane is round and clear, the eyes are large, and there is a golden yellow wide arc behind the eyes. The carapace is brownish-red or brown-brown, bulging prominently, the middle ridge is waxy yellow, and the back scutellum has obvious concentric rings. Flat plastron, round before and after the round, colored brown brown or dark brown, the edge of the edge and the edge of the shield fresh beige, plastron midway there is a cross-cut groove pattern will be divided into two halves before and after the plastron, head, tail, limbs shrinking clam shell The anteroposterior half of the plastron can be closed to the carapace. The limbs are flat, with scales, with a half-finger between the fingers (toes) and a short tail.
2. Living habits Yellow-rimmed box turtles are semi-aquatic turtles that often live in ponds or streams. Hi group home, common to more than one turtle in the same cave. The spring and autumn seasons fluctuate around noon. The higher summer temperatures are dominated by activities after dusk, and are mostly hidden in caves, sand or forests during the day. The survival temperature is 0-43 degrees, and the basic food is no more than 19 degrees, and it enters the hibernation period at 13 degrees.
3. Ingestion habits Yellow-winged box turtles have a wide range of feeding habits. They feed on insects, worms, snails, plant stems and leaves in the wild. Under artificial rearing conditions, they eat crickets, yellow mealworms, small fish, snails, snail meat, and frog meat. , viscera, and cereals, fruits and vegetables.
4. Growth characteristics Females of the same age females grow faster than males. After sexual maturity, females still grow faster and males grow more slowly. In addition, different feeds and different ambient temperatures have different growth rates.
5. Breeding habits The yellow-bellied box turtle has a body weight of about 280 grams, and a female turtle has a body weight of about 450 grams and reaches sexual maturity. In mid-April, mating began, and May-September was the maternity period. Spawning was performed in batches. Eggs were produced 3-4 times a year, and spawning was 2-7 at a time. Egg white, oblong. Females lay their eggs in the early morning and early evening. They lay eggs in a quiet, moist, sunny sandy land, dig a hole to lay eggs, and leave the area after covering the soil. Temperatures range from 22 degrees to 28 degrees. Eggs can hatch hatchlings.
Second, aquaculture technology
1. Turtle pond construction Turtle pond should be built in a place with sufficient water, good water quality, and a quiet environment. Young turtles and hatchlings are often used to keep cement ponds and raise turtles and turtles to use more land. The pool slope should be gentle so that the turtle body can crawl ashore and there is an spawning ground in the pool. Around the earthen ponds there are anti-escape walls with a height of 50 centimeters. The wall base is about 25 centimeters into the earth. There are anti-escape nets at the entrance and exit. Some aquatic plants, such as water lilies, are stocked in the pond to hide and shelter the turtle body.
2. Disinfection and Restocking Turtle ponds should be thoroughly disinfected with drugs such as quicklime or bleach before they are stocked. The new cement pool needs to be washed for 10 days to 15 days before use. When stocking turtle body also need to use salt water or potassium permanganate solution bath disinfection. Stocking density: hatchlings 30 - 60 per square meter, hatchlings 15 - 30 per square meter, turtles with more than 200 grams stocking 4 - 8 per square meter.
3. Routine management Feeding yellow-rimmed box turtles should be based on feeding animal feeds, feeding quail, yellow mealworms, lean pork, snail meat, etc., and appropriate amount of plant foods, Taiwan vegetables, fruits, rice, etc. . The feed should be fresh and tasty, especially the hatchling must be fine, tender, soft and easy to digest. Feed it 1-2 times a day, and it can be fed before and after noon in the spring and autumn. When the temperature is high in summer, it can be fed before 9am and after 5pm. The daily feeding amount should be determined according to factors such as the season, weather, feed quality, and turtle size, and is generally 5% to 10% of the turtle body weight. The feed should be placed in a fixed place and avoid frequent replacement of feeding sites. You can add complex vitamins and disease prevention drugs to your feed regularly. For turtles weighing 20 to 30 grams, bone meal may be added to feed to prevent osteomalacia.
The residual baits in the pool should be cleared in time, and the water should be changed regularly in spring and autumn. In summer, the water should be changed frequently and the water level should be deepened. After heavy rain, excess rainwater entering the pool must be drained in time.
Daily inspections should be conducted to observe the activities and feeding conditions of the turtles, to see the water quality and water level, to see if there are any invasions, to see if the anti-fighting facilities are in good condition, etc., and to solve the problems in time.
In winter, turtles and turtles reared outdoors can overwinter in the original pool, and it is best to hold a plastic film greenhouse in the top of the pond. The hatchlings and hatchlings reared outdoors are preferred to go winter in indoor wintering ponds.
First, biological characteristics
1. Morphological characteristics The yellow edge box turtle has a smooth head and no scales. The front end of the kiss is flat and the upper jaw is obviously hooked. The tympanic membrane is round and clear, the eyes are large, and there is a golden yellow wide arc behind the eyes. The carapace is brownish-red or brown-brown, bulging prominently, the middle ridge is waxy yellow, and the back scutellum has obvious concentric rings. Flat plastron, round before and after the round, colored brown brown or dark brown, the edge of the edge and the edge of the shield fresh beige, plastron midway there is a cross-cut groove pattern will be divided into two halves before and after the plastron, head, tail, limbs shrinking clam shell The anteroposterior half of the plastron can be closed to the carapace. The limbs are flat, with scales, with a half-finger between the fingers (toes) and a short tail.
2. Living habits Yellow-rimmed box turtles are semi-aquatic turtles that often live in ponds or streams. Hi group home, common to more than one turtle in the same cave. The spring and autumn seasons fluctuate around noon. The higher summer temperatures are dominated by activities after dusk, and are mostly hidden in caves, sand or forests during the day. The survival temperature is 0-43 degrees, and the basic food is no more than 19 degrees, and it enters the hibernation period at 13 degrees.
3. Ingestion habits Yellow-winged box turtles have a wide range of feeding habits. They feed on insects, worms, snails, plant stems and leaves in the wild. Under artificial rearing conditions, they eat crickets, yellow mealworms, small fish, snails, snail meat, and frog meat. , viscera, and cereals, fruits and vegetables.
4. Growth characteristics Females of the same age females grow faster than males. After sexual maturity, females still grow faster and males grow more slowly. In addition, different feeds and different ambient temperatures have different growth rates.
5. Breeding habits The yellow-bellied box turtle has a body weight of about 280 grams, and a female turtle has a body weight of about 450 grams and reaches sexual maturity. In mid-April, mating began, and May-September was the maternity period. Spawning was performed in batches. Eggs were produced 3-4 times a year, and spawning was 2-7 at a time. Egg white, oblong. Females lay their eggs in the early morning and early evening. They lay eggs in a quiet, moist, sunny sandy land, dig a hole to lay eggs, and leave the area after covering the soil. Temperatures range from 22 degrees to 28 degrees. Eggs can hatch hatchlings.
Second, aquaculture technology
1. Turtle pond construction Turtle pond should be built in a place with sufficient water, good water quality, and a quiet environment. Young turtles and hatchlings are often used to keep cement ponds and raise turtles and turtles to use more land. The pool slope should be gentle so that the turtle body can crawl ashore and there is an spawning ground in the pool. Around the earthen ponds there are anti-escape walls with a height of 50 centimeters. The wall base is about 25 centimeters into the earth. There are anti-escape nets at the entrance and exit. Some aquatic plants, such as water lilies, are stocked in the pond to hide and shelter the turtle body.
2. Disinfection and Restocking Turtle ponds should be thoroughly disinfected with drugs such as quicklime or bleach before they are stocked. The new cement pool needs to be washed for 10 days to 15 days before use. When stocking turtle body also need to use salt water or potassium permanganate solution bath disinfection. Stocking density: hatchlings 30 - 60 per square meter, hatchlings 15 - 30 per square meter, turtles with more than 200 grams stocking 4 - 8 per square meter.
3. Routine management Feeding yellow-rimmed box turtles should be based on feeding animal feeds, feeding quail, yellow mealworms, lean pork, snail meat, etc., and appropriate amount of plant foods, Taiwan vegetables, fruits, rice, etc. . The feed should be fresh and tasty, especially the hatchling must be fine, tender, soft and easy to digest. Feed it 1-2 times a day, and it can be fed before and after noon in the spring and autumn. When the temperature is high in summer, it can be fed before 9am and after 5pm. The daily feeding amount should be determined according to factors such as the season, weather, feed quality, and turtle size, and is generally 5% to 10% of the turtle body weight. The feed should be placed in a fixed place and avoid frequent replacement of feeding sites. You can add complex vitamins and disease prevention drugs to your feed regularly. For turtles weighing 20 to 30 grams, bone meal may be added to feed to prevent osteomalacia.
The residual baits in the pool should be cleared in time, and the water should be changed regularly in spring and autumn. In summer, the water should be changed frequently and the water level should be deepened. After heavy rain, excess rainwater entering the pool must be drained in time.
Daily inspections should be conducted to observe the activities and feeding conditions of the turtles, to see the water quality and water level, to see if there are any invasions, to see if the anti-fighting facilities are in good condition, etc., and to solve the problems in time.
In winter, turtles and turtles reared outdoors can overwinter in the original pool, and it is best to hold a plastic film greenhouse in the top of the pond. The hatchlings and hatchlings reared outdoors are preferred to go winter in indoor wintering ponds.
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