Protection and Utilization of Natural Enemies of Fruit Trees

The natural enemies of fruit tree pests fall into two categories: predatory and parasitic. The former mainly include predatory ladybugs, grasshoppers, florets, thrips, flies, predators, spiders, and birds. The latter includes various parasitoids, parasitic flies, and parasites. Now we will introduce the protection and use of predatory natural enemies (insects and spiders). First, pay attention to the prevention of pests before the fruit tree pests Compared with natural enemies, the former is more active than the latter after wintering. Therefore, before the budding of the fruit tree, the pests began to gnaw out. At this time, various measures can be taken to eliminate it. Common measures include cutting worms, scraping bark and so on. Spraying at this time is also an opportune time to control winter pests in the trees. After the pests emerged, most of them were exposed to the outside and they were easily exposed to pesticides. At this time, the natural enemies of pests had not yet been paralyzed, and spraying had little effect on natural enemies. Second, the fruit trees are not sprayed or sprayed with broad-spectrum insecticides. Natural enemies are the same as pests. Most of the species are wintered in the orchards. After the fruit trees fall, the natural enemies after winter pass out and find food. In the early stage of fruit tree growth, predatory natural enemies such as floret, grasshopper, ladybug, thrips, and spider were more; after July, predator mites became the main natural enemies of the orchards. In orchards with reasonable or non-sprayed pesticides, the number of these natural enemies is high, especially in June-July, and a large number of natural enemies will be found, which will inhibit the occurrence of locust mites and some leaf-eating pests. In orchards that do not rationally apply pesticides, they rarely find traces of these natural enemies. Therefore, in the early period of fruit tree growth (before June), as little or no spraying as broad-spectrum insecticides are used, these natural enemies are protected and their pest control effects are exerted. Third, the application of selective insecticidal acaricide There are many insecticide acaricides have little effect on natural enemy activities, called selective pesticides. Commonly used insecticides include diflubenzuron 3, triflumuron, chlorprocarb, imidacloprid, fleas, oil emulsions, Bacillus thuringiensis, Beauveria bassiana, etc. The acaricides include abamectin, Liuyangmycin, Suicide net, Nissoline, Pyrene, Sulphur Suspension and so on. Four, orchard grass planting grass orchard refers to the cultivation of beneficial grass species in the fruit trees, the main legume forage. Commonly used grass species are alfalfa and white clover. These grasses germinate early and have a long growth period, which is beneficial to the activities of natural enemies. In addition, pasture is rich in protein and is an excellent forage for livestock. Practice has proved that the grass orchards not only have a large number of natural enemies, species are abundant, the orchard's ecological environment is more stable, but also can improve soil structure, increase organic matter content, conserve water, and resist cold and drought. China Agricultural Network Editor

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