Prevention and treatment of common flowers and insect pests
2018-06-18 18:01:34
First, powdery mildew. On the surface of the diseased leaves, shoots and flower buds grow a layer of white powder. The diseased plants are short, not robust, with uneven or curly leaves, malformed shoots, atrophy of flower buds, and inability to flower or develop malformed flowers. In severe cases, the leaves are shriveled and dry, which seriously affects plant growth and results in the death of the whole plant. The cause of the disease was caused by excessive wetness in the basin soil, excessive nitrogen fertilizer, and long shading time. Control methods: Attention should be paid to ventilation, humidity control, cutting of diseased leaves, concentrated burning, and when the dew is not dry, spray a small amount of sulfur powder or 0.1-0.3 Baume degree lime sulfur, which can play a preventive role. Second, root rot. This disease often occurs after the piles that have been excavated in the field have been planted in pots. Most of them were rotted due to poor transplanting, as well as the infection of the wounds with bacteria, excessive watering, soil stains, poor ventilation, and root suffocation. Excessive fertilization can also cause rot. After the roots are rotted, the absorption function is hindered, resulting in shoots falling from the shoots. Control methods: carefully dig up the original plant, trim the root rot, then plant the plant with new soil, change the growing conditions of the pile, increase the light, loosen the soil, and properly control the water and fertilizer to promote recovery. Third, leaf mold. At the beginning of the disease, round purple-brown spots appear on the leaves, which are gradually enlarged. The center is pale yellow-brown and the edges are purple-brown. There are obvious concentric ring patterns on the lesions. In autumn, the lesions turned dark brown, crunchy, and easily cracked, with dark green moldy textures. In severe cases, lesions often spread from the lower part of the plant to the entire leaf, causing a large amount of leaf coke, affecting growth and flowering in the second year. Causes of morbidity are mostly due to poor management, such as high humidity or multiple occurrence of the disease after the plants are frozen. Control methods: mainly to strengthen management, pay attention to pruning, keep plants airy and transparent, keep the soil dry. Clean up diseased leaves and dead branches and burn them in a concentrated manner. Can also be sprayed once a week in early spring and early autumn Bordeaux mixture 120 ~ 160 times liquid or 65% Zeixin WP 500 ~ 600 times liquid prevention. Fourth, Tianniu. Tianniu occurs in one to two years and winters as larvae in the trunk. The newly hatched larvae hover under the bark for food, then break into trunks and roots, and then dissolve them. Adults have emerged in late May and feed on treetops and young leaves. Damaged potted trees often cause death. Control methods: kill adult worms and knock eggs. The dead wire that has fallen into the wood can be hooked up, or the dilemma wet cotton ball can be used to block the bore hole, and the external paste yellow mud can close the hole, or can be added to the larvae with a 5 to 10 times drop of water with dimethoate to kill the larvae. You can cut off the damaged branches and burn them immediately. 5. Scale insects. Common blown cotton scale insects and shield scale insects. Blown cotton scale insect white waxy ciliate; shield scale insect shield brown. The scale insects mainly suck the plant sap with their sucking mouthparts, which makes the plant grow poorly and even the whole plant withers. The excreted secretions block the leaf stomata, which often causes soot. Control methods: In the early stage of larvae hatching, spray with dichlorvos 800-1500 times, or use a brush to remove the insects under the brush. In addition, it should be properly trimmed to provide light and ventilation. Six, locusts. Small locusts are green, brown, red, black, gray, etc. Its fertility is extremely strong. It can breed for 10 to 30 generations a year, and it is a breeding season from March to October every year. The locust swarms on young shoots and sucks the sap of the plant with a sucking mouthpiece, causing the young shoots to shrink, curling the young leaves, producing knobs, and inducing ants and infecting other diseases. Control methods: Spray with Leko Cream 1000-2000 times or Dichlorvos 1500-2000 times. Eucalyptus, arborvitae, pomegranate, etc. are sensitive to dimethoate. After spraying, they will fall into the fallen leaves. They can be sprayed with 1,000 times liquid of fish rattan. Seven, red spider. Very small size, red. In the high-temperature and dry environment, it reproduces rapidly and can reproduce 7 to 14 generations every year. Almost all the potted trees are vulnerable. It likes to make nets on the plants and sucks juice under the net, so that the yellow leaves of the victims are declining, affecting the growth of the trees, and some of them even die of the whole plant. Control methods: use Dimethoate or dichlorvos 1500 ~ 2000 times liquid spray, but also pay attention to increase air humidity.
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