High-yielding hybrid sunflower oil cultivation techniques

The hybrid oil sunflower has already formed five major oil materials in China with rape, peanut, sesame and flax. The crop has a short growing period, wide adaptability, strong stress resistance, good yield, high oil yield, and high oil quality. Under the current situation that the price of grain and cotton is falling and the oil market is stable, vigorous development of oil sunflower cultivation can not only alleviate China's food oil is tense and contradictory, and it can make full use of land resources and greatly increase farmers' income. Now its cultivation techniques are described as follows: 1 Suitable sowing 1.1 The sowing date of sowing should be mainly based on the length of the frost-free period and the growing period of the variety. The best spring sowing date is that the above-ground temperature is stable above 10°C, and the 5 cm soil layer is stable at 8 to 10°C for 4 to 5 days. 1.2 sowing method sowing time, on-demand can be, taking into account the cost factors should be on-demand mainly can be used single and double grain point sowing or sowing 2 per hole, acres sowing in the 400 ~ 500 grams. 1.3 The planting density should be determined by the conditions of soil strength, the general spacing is 50 cm, the spacing between plants is 30-40 cm, the depth of sowing is 3-5 cm, the number of mulei is 4000, and the dryness is 4000-4500. 1.4 Soak seeds for 4-12 hours before sowing. 2 Soil fertility hybrid oil sunflower has a large root system and a wide depth of land. It can meet the requirements of deep rooting and absorption of water and fertilizer through deep plowing, making it a drought-tolerant, fast-growing and strong growing seedling, and at the same time increasing the lodging resistance of hybrid oil sunflower. Sex. The depth of ploughing should be stabilized at about 20 to 23 centimeters on a yearly basis. Farmers fertilize 1500～2500kg/mu, superphosphate 10～15kg, urea 3～5kg. 3 Field Management 3.1 Fertilizer requirements The hybrid oil sunflower requires less water and strong drought resistance at the seedling stage, and the seedlings should be used to promote root growth. In the bud period is the key period of water demand, if the weather should be combined with water, drought ditch Mushi urea 15 ~ 20 kg, 12 ~ 15 kg of potassium sulfate, superphosphate 6 ~ 8 kg, fertilization depth of 8 to 10 cm. It is also a critical period for water demand during flowering and filling period, and watering should be timely if there is drought. Although the hybrid oil sunflower is resistant to drought but not stained, it should be drained in time if the rainwater is too large. 3.2 Most of the hybrid oil sunflowers are managed by insects during the pollen period. If the weather during the pollination season is poor or pollinator insects are not enough to meet the pollination requirements, artificial pollination can be used to complete the pollination. The specific method is: It's easy to snap together the disk. 3.3 Pest control The most important pests of oil sunflower seedlings are underground pests that can be killed by bait. In the middle and late stage, oil sunflower aphids and cotton bollworm are the main hazards. When reaching the prevention and control targets, 5% fluphenazine can be sprayed to prevent and cure; the disease that damages the sunflower is focused on sclerotinia, and the diseased plants in the field should be promptly cleaned and sprayed. At the same time diligent cultivator to enhance the disease resistance of plants. 4 Timely Harvest Generally about 30 days after the final flowering, in the upper part of the plant 4 to 5 leaves and the upper part of the stalk and the back of the dish are yellow, the sub-shells become black or hardened, and the real full-filling can be harvested in real time. After the harvest, the sun should be spread out in a timely manner to prevent the occurrence of mildew. 5 Other matters 5.1 The oil sunflower can be used in continuous cropping or intercropping. However, it is not suitable for continuous cultivation. It can be used in intercropping with beans, melons, potatoes and cotton. 5.2 The oil sunflower is a hybrid, and if the second or third generation seeds are planted, the phenomenon of separation will occur, resulting in serious reduction of production. Therefore hybrid oil sunflower can only grow one generation of hybrids. 5.3 The hybrid sunflower oil is not strict with soil requirements, but it has greater potential for increasing yield in fields with deep soil layers, high humus content, good structure, and good water storage and fertilizer retention performance. 5.4 The oil sunflower must be purchased from formal sources. At present, the hybrid oil sunflowers introduced and promoted by the “center” are: G101, Kangdi 5 (BS-5), Xinkuai 4 and Xinkuai 6.

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